Chad Fizzell, MDEQ, Wetlands GIS Specialist
20140303
State_Wide_PreSettlement_Wetlands
vector digital data
LANDSCAPE LEVEL WETLAND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSEMENT (LLWFA) Version 1.0 Methodology Report
A hydric soil is a soil that formed under conditions of saturation, flooding, or ponding long enough during the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions in the upper part. This dataset was created by Michigan Department of Environmental Quality staff to identify Hydric Soils and some complexes. This data is used to identify potential wetland areas, and or historic wetland areas throughout the State of Michigna. The Landscape Level Wetland Functional Assessment (LLWFA) has been added to these areas.The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) has been working since 2006 on refining and expanding the use of the LLWFA across much of the state. Each year, the MDEQ Nonpoint Source Unit is the main entity which distributes 319 watershed planning funds to local units of government, non-profit organizations, and numerous other state, federal, and local partners to reduce nonpoint source pollution statewide. Their yearly prioritization of watershed planning efforts directly influenced the completion of LLWFA efforts, and the scale at which they work is a perfect fit for this landscape level wetland information. This approach addresses both a current (2005) wetland inventory and a Pre-European Settlement inventory, to approximate change over time, and provide the best information possible on wetland status and trends from original condition through today. These watershed planning organizations have utilized these tools to help them better evaluate projects for preserving or enhancing their current wetland resources and planning for restoration of lost resources. Restoring lost wetland functionality shows great promise in addressing the systemic cause of much of the non-point source pollution occurring in the state.
To idenfy soil areas with conditions present to form hydric soils, and or areas of potential wetlands. LLWW descriptors (landscape position, landform, waterflow path, and waterbody type) have been incorporated into the Hydric Soils data to create Pre-European Settlement NWI+. This allows for comparison of wetlands on a functional basis.
Irregular
-90.488734
-82.128930
47.496250
41.197404
ISO 19115 Topic Categories
inlandWaters
environment
None
Surface water
marshes
Landscape Level Wetland Assessement
Deepwater habitats
Hydrography
bogs
Wetlands
fens
LLWFA
Swamps
None
None. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and (or) the National Wetlands Inventory would be appreciated in products derived from these data.Historical wetland data produced from existing soils surveys, are obvious approximations of wetland extent and condition. NWI Coding for Pre-European Settlement wetland polygons was derived from soil characteristics, and checked against Pre-European Settlement vegetation maps produced by interpreting GLO Surveys from the early 1800s. This required an approximation of flooding and ponding frequency (water regime), as well as vegetative cover. Given that landform information in this analysis was derived from NWI water regime, certain types of landform (fringe, slope, etc) may be underrepresented in the Pre-European Settlement coverage. Pre-European Settlement hydrology was approximated using current surface water data, and checked with GLO Surveys. Streams that appeared to have a natural channel, were major courses, or were denoted as undisturbed in the attribution were included in the Pre-European Settlement analysis. The 2005 NWI data should be an accurate reflection of wetland extent and condition within the State of Michigan. However, given the inherent limitations of using a data source that is mainly derived from aerial photo interpretation, care should be exercised when using the results of this analysis. Issues with photo quality, scale, and variable environmental conditions should be taken into consideration when interpreting this information (Tiner, 2002). Also, errors of omission and commission are possible. Drier-end wetlands tend to be difficult to interpret on aerial photos, as are forested wetlands where canopy can obscure hydrology below. Because water regime information was interpreted from one snapshot in time, it may not always be reliable in determining seasonal saturation. Many times, the seasonal saturation of wetlands can vary widely over long time periods which can be difficult to account for in this type of mapping effort. This analysis produces a planning tool that can assist in identifying potential wetlands of significance for certain functions. However, no effort was made to compare the relative significance of two wetlands predicted to perform the same function. The W-PAWF also does not consider the condition of adjacent upland or the relative water quality of adjacent waterbodies, which may be considered important factors in determining the overall health and condition of a wetland (Tiner, 2005). No assessment technique on wetland function is likely to be robust enough to first evaluate the level of a particular function and then further distinguish whether the function is part of a human-based value system (Brinson, 1993). Also, it should be noted, that this type of analysis is not intended for a user to take it to the field for the purpose of matching indicators with functions. Rather, this type of analysis is intended to show how some fundamental knowledge about water flows and sources and geomorphic setting can be interpreted to illustrate ecological functioning (Brinson, 1993).
MDEQ
Jeremy Jones
GIS Analyst
mailing
525 West Allagan
Lansing
MI
48909
517-284-5536
jonesj28@michigan.gov
MDEQ
Jeremy Jones
GIS Analyst
mailing
525 West Allegan
Lansing
MI
48909
517-284-5536
jonesj28@michigan.gov
USDA, NRCS. Michigan Department of Enviornmental Quality (Wetlands, Lakes, and Streams).
Esri ArcGIS 10.1.0.3035
Vector
Simple
FALSE
350256
TRUE
FALSE
coordinate pair
0.0001
0.0001
D North American 1983
GRS 1980
6378137.0
298.257222101
State_Wide_PreSettlement_Wetlands_v5
Reference: Cowardin et al. 1979
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Feature Class
350256
OBJECTID
Internal feature number.
ESRI
Polygon
2-dimensional element.
ESRI GIS software
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.
OBJECTID
OID
4
10
0
Landform
The type of geological feature in which the wetland resides. Slope (SL) Wetlands occurring on a slope of 5% or greater. Island (IS) A wetland completely surrounded by water. Fringe (FR) Wetland occurs in the shallow water zone of a permanent waterbody. *NWI water regime F, G, and H Floodplain (FP) Wetland occurs on an active alluvial plain along a river and some streams. *Modifiers FPba (Basin) and FPfl ( Flat) Basin (BA) Wetland occurs in a distinct depression. *NWI water regime C and E Flat (FL) Wetland occurs on a nearly level landform. *NWI water regime A and B
MDEQ
CoverType
String
60
0
0
Coordinates defining the features.
SHAPE
Feature geometry.
ESRI
Coordinates defining the features.
Landform1
String
18
0
0
Landform1
A secondary code used to determine type of floodplain and if a vegetated wetland is associated with a pond. Associated w/Pond (pd) Basin (ba) Flat (fl)
MDEQ
MapUnitSymbol
String
6
0
0
MapUnitSymbol
Shape.STArea()
Double
0
0
0
Shape.STArea()
AreaSymbol
String
254
0
0
AreaSymbol
AreaName
String
254
0
0
AreaName
MapUnitCode
Double
8
38
8
MapUnitCode
MapUnitName
String
254
0
0
MapUnitName
Shape.STLength()
Double
0
0
0
Shape.STLength()
Representation
Double
8
38
8
Representation
Shape
Geometry
4
0
0
Feature geometry.
Esri
Coordinates defining the features.
shape
Feature geometry.
ESRI
Coordinates defining the features.
HydricRating
String
254
0
0
HydricRating
HydricCriteria
String
254
0
0
HydricCriteria
NWIWater
String
254
0
0
NWIWater
NWICode
String
15
0
0
NWICode
HGMCode
String
15
0
0
HGMCode
Component
String
254
0
0
component
Landscape_Position
String
15
0
0
LandscapePosition
Waterbody_Type
String
20
0
0
WaterbodyType
Waterflow_Path
String
25
0
0
WaterflowPath
Landforms
String
254
0
0
landforms
Acres
Double
8
38
8
ACRES
Total Size of the wetland polygon.
NA
LLWFAComments
String
50
0
0
LLWFAComments
HMValues
String
20
0
0
HMValues
FunCount
SmallInteger
2
5
0
FunCount
VegOrNotVeg
String
20
0
0
VegOrNotVeg
FloodWaterStorage
Double
8
38
8
FloodWaterStorage
StreamflowMaintenance
Double
8
38
8
StreamflowMaintenance
NutrientTransformation
Double
8
38
8
NutrientTransformation
SedimentRetention
Double
8
38
8
SedimentRetention
ShorelineStabilization
Double
8
38
8
ShorelineStabilization
FishHabitat
Double
8
38
8
FishHabitat
StreamShading
Double
8
38
8
StreamShading
WaterfowlWaterbirdHabitat
Double
8
38
8
WaterfowlWaterbirdHabitat
ShorebirdHabitat
Double
8
38
8
ShorebirdHabitat
InteriorForestBirdHabitat
Double
8
38
8
InteriorForestBirdHabitat
AmphibianHabitat
Double
8
38
8
AmphibianHabitat
GroundWaterInfluence
Double
8
38
8
GroundWaterInfluence
CarbonSequestration
Double
8
38
8
CarbonSequestration
PathogenRetention
Double
8
38
8
PathogenRetention
Landscape1
String
10
0
0
Landscape1
Field used to display if a wetland falls within a Headwater area Headwater (hw)
MDEQ
Landform
String
15
0
0
MDEQ
Jeremy Jones
GIS Analyst
mailing
525 West Allagan
Lansing
MI
48909
517-284-5536
jonesj28@michigan.gov
See access and use constraints information.
Personal GeoDatabase Feature Class
20150817
MDEQ
Chad Fizzell
Wetlands GIS Specialist
mailing
525 West Allegan
Lansing
MI
48909
517-284-5533
Fizzellc@michigan.gov
FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
FGDC-STD-001-1998
local time
Should be updated per region being used.
Version 6.2 (Build 9200) ; Esri ArcGIS 10.5.1.7333
HydricSoils
1
-90.488734
-82.128930
47.496250
41.197404
HydricSoils
002
161311.925000
791834.085800
79625.302400
771626.041100
1
Projected
GCS_North_American_1983
Linear Unit: Meter (1.000000)
NAD_1983_Michigan_GeoRef_Meters
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20220127
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20220127
16042400
Feature Class
dataset
EPSG
6.5.3(9.2.0)
350256
20220127